High blood pressure problem and medications in 2021

What is  High blood pressure? 

High blood pressure or hypertension occurs or happens in your body when the blood pressure of your body increases in unhealthy levels. In this article, we will get to know about types of high blood pressure. 

In this article we are going to discuss about high  blood pressure related  problem in 2021 and their medication 

The increase in the chances of high BP depends upon the gap in the arteries, where the blood flows, the narrower will be the arteries higher the blood pressure will be. 

And if the high-pressure level is like that for a longer period the risk of heart disease will increase. By the end of this article, we will get to know about how to reduce high blood pressure and also what to eat that is, the high blood pressure diet

WHAT CAUSES HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE?

Hypertension is of two types and each type of hypertension has a different cause-:

Primary hypertension

Essential hypertension is another name for primary hypertension. This is a very hidden type of hypertension that causes High blood pressure, and this is also a very common type of hypertension.

Some factors can be a cause of this type of High blood pressure which are as follows-

Genes: This type of hypertension can run through genetics, like the problem of overthinking.

You all may have seen in your families that from the whole family 2 people are always stressed out over small things. That's the cause of genetics or the abnormalities inherited from parents.

Physical changes: High blood pressure can be caused by some sudden changes in your body, like the functioning of your kidneys, change because of any kind of medicine, or due to aging.

This may trigger your BP level because any internal change may disbalance the constant continuation of the internal processing of organs. 

Environment: Over time, an unhealthy lifestyle like lack of physical workout, overeating, and weight imbalance, that may result in obesity, increase the risk for hypertension

Secondary hypertension

Secondary hypertension is much more severe than primary hypertension.

Some of the conditions that may cause SH are as follows-:

• Disease-related to kidney
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Congenital heart disease
• Thyroid
• high dose medications
• Illegal drug use
• Gland problems
• Certain endocrine tumors

What are the symptoms of hypertension caused by High blood pressure ?

Hypertension is usually a silent condition. Many of us won’t experience any symptoms. But then also these symptoms could lead to different internal issues

Symptoms of severe hypertension can include, headaches, shortness of breath, nosebleeds, flushing, dizziness, chest pain, visual changes, blood within the urine

These symptoms require immediate medical attention. 

The best thing to knowing if you've got hypertension is to urge regular BP readings. Most doctors’ offices take a BP reading at every appointment.

If you simply have a yearly physical, ask your doctor about your risks for hypertension and other readings you'll get to assist you to watch your BP

For example, if you've got a case history of heart condition or have risk factors for developing the condition, your doctor may recommend that you simply have your BP checked twice a year.

 This helps you and your doctor stay on top of any possible issues before they become problematic.

Diagnosing high BP

Diagnosing hypertension is as simple as taking a BP reading. Most doctors’ offices check vital signs as a part of a routine visit. 

If your BP is elevated, your doctor may request you've got more readings over the course of a couple of days or weeks. Because the diagnosis result of hypertension can never be given in one reading. 

That’s because your environment can contribute to increased BP, like the strain you'll feel by being at the doctor’s office. Also, vital sign levels change throughout the day.

If your BP remains high, your doctor will likely conduct more tests to rule out underlying conditions. These tests can include:

• Urine test                                                                                                     
• Cholesterol screening and other blood tests                                              
• Test of your heart’s electrical activity with an electrocardiogram (EKG, sometimes mentioned as an ECG)

• Ultrasound of your heart or kidneys

These tests can help your doctor identify any secondary issues causing your elevated vital sign. they will also check out the consequences high vital sign may have had on your organs.

 Early treatment may reduce the risk of lasting damage.

How to understand high BP readings

Two numbers create a BP reading:

• Systolic pressure: This is often the primary, or top, number. It indicates the pressure in your arteries when your heart beat and radiates blood                                                                                    
• Diastolic pressure: this is often the second, or bottom, number. It’s the reading of the pressure in your arteries between beats of your heart.

Five different categories define BP readings of an adult

Healthy: A healthy vital sign reading is a smaller amount than 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).

Elevated: The systolic number is between 120 and 129 torr, and therefore the diastolic number is a smaller amount than 80 torr. 

Doctors usually don’t treat elevated vital signs with medication. Instead, your doctor may encourage lifestyle changes to assist lower your numbers.

Stage 1 hypertension: The systolic number is between 130 and 139 torr, or the diastolic number is between 80 and 89 torr.

Stage 2 hypertension: The systolic number is 140 torr or higher, or the diastolic number is 90 torr or higher.

Hypertensive crisis: The systolic number is over 180 torr, or the diastolic number is over 120 torr. vital sign during this range requires urgent medical attention. 

If any symptoms like pain, headache, shortness of breath, or visual changes occur when the vital sign is that this high, medical aid within the ER is required.

A vital sign reading is crazy a pressure cuff. For an accurate reading, it’s important you've got a cuff that matches. An ill-fitting cuff may deliver inaccurate readings.

Blood pressure readings are different for youngsters and teenagers. 

Treatment options for HBP

A number of things help your doctor determine the simplest treatment option for you. These factors include which sort of hypertension you've got and what causes are identified.

Primary hypertension treatment options

If your doctor diagnoses you with primary hypertension, lifestyle changes may help reduce your high vital sign. 

If lifestyle changes alone aren’t enough, or if they stop being effective, your doctor may prescribe medication.

Secondary hypertension treatment options

If your doctor discovers an underlying issue causing your hypertension, treatment will specialize in that other condition. for instance, if a drug you’ve started taking is causing increased vital signs, your doctor will try other medicines that don’t have this side effect.

Sometimes, hypertension is persistent despite treatment for the underlying cause. during this case, your doctor may go with you to develop lifestyle changes and prescribe medications to assist reduce your vital sign.

Treatment plans for hypertension often evolve. What worked initially may subside useful over time. Your doctor will still work with you to refine your treatment.

Medication for HBP

Many people undergo a trial-and-error phase with vital sign medications. you'll get to try different medicines until you discover one or a mixture of medicines that employment for you.

Some of the medications use for treating hypertension include:

Beta-blockers: Beta-blockers make your heart beat slower and with less force. 

This reduces the quantity of blood pumped through your arteries with each beat, which lowers vital signs. It also blocks certain hormones in your body which will raise your BP.

Diuretics: High sodium levels and excess fluid in your body can increase vital signs. Diuretics, also called water pills, help your kidneys remove excess sodium from your body. 

Because the sodium leaves, extra fluid in your bloodstream moves into your urine, which helps lower your vital sign.

ACE inhibitors: Angiotensin may be a chemical that causes blood vessels and artery walls to tighten and narrow. 

ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors prevent the body from producing the maximum amount of this chemical. This helps blood vessels relax and reduces vital signs.

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs): While ACE inhibitors aim to prevent the creation of angiotensin, ARBs block angiotensin from binding with receptors.

 Without the chemical, blood vessels won’t tighten. That helps relax vessels and lower vital signs.

Calcium channel blockers: These medications block a number of the calcium from entering the cardiac muscles of your heart. This results in less forceful heartbeats and a lower vital sign. These medicines also add to the blood vessels, causing them to relax and further lowering vital signs.

Alpha-2 agonists: this sort of medication changes the nerve impulses that cause blood vessels to tighten. This helps blood vessels to relax, which reduces vital signs.

In our next article we will be discussing about "arrhythmia",